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AI Product Metrics and LLM Cost

LLM Eval Design Interview Questions

How to design evaluations a product team can run: what makes an eval relevant to users, how to know a suite is good enough, and how to evaluate safety on a small labelling budget. Asked of AI PMs, AI engineers and data scientists.

  • 25 questions with model answers
  • 1 foundational · 8 intermediate · 16 advanced

Foundational LLM Eval Design Questions

  1. What makes an eval product-relevant rather than research-relevant?Concept

Intermediate LLM Eval Design Questions

  1. Design an eval for a feature that drafts email replies.Case
  2. How do you decide between automated evals and human review?Concept
  3. Describe a rubric that a non-technical reviewer could apply consistently.Artifact critique
  4. Explain the difference between unit evals and end-to-end evals.Concept
  5. How often should evals run in a CI pipeline versus on demand?Concept
  6. Critique an eval that uses the same examples used to write the prompt.Artifact critique
  7. How do you present eval results to a non-technical decision maker?Case
  8. What eval would you build first with only one week?Interview

Advanced LLM Eval Design Questions

  1. Explain the tradeoffs of LLM-as-judge for a product team.Concept
  2. How do you validate that your judge model agrees with human raters?Calculation
  3. What is inter-rater reliability and why should a PM care?Concept
  4. How do you design evals that catch regressions rather than just measuring level?Concept
  5. How would you eval a retrieval system separately from the generation on top of it?Case
  6. Describe an eval for a multi-turn conversation rather than a single response.Case
  7. What is the cost of running evals and how do you budget for it?Calculation
  8. Explain how to design an eval that will still be meaningful in a year.Concept
  9. How do you eval a feature whose quality depends on the user's own documents?Case
  10. Describe the failure mode where evals improve but users do not notice.Concept
  11. What is the role of a red team in an eval program?Concept
  12. How would you eval an agent's decision to use a tool rather than its final output?Case
  13. Explain how to eval safety behaviour without a huge annotation budget.Case
  14. How do you know when your eval suite is good enough?Concept
  15. Describe the relationship between evals and your incident response process.Concept
  16. Design an eval program from scratch for a team that has none.Interview

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